Tham khảo Vòng_tuần_hoàn_triều

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↑ Edwin O. Reischauer, "The Dynastic Cycle", in John Meskill, The Pattern of Chinese History, (Lexington: D. C. Heath and Company, 1965), pp. 31-33.
↑ "Dynastic cycle," in Dillon, Michael (1998). China: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon. ISBN 978-0700704392., p. 87
↑ John K. Fairbank and Edwin O. Reischauer, East Asia: The GreatTradition(Boston, 1960), p. 115.
↑ Fairbank (1979).Lỗi sfnp: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFFairbank1979 (trợ giúp)
1 2 Ching, Frank. Ancestors: 900 Years in the Life of a Chinese Family. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1974. p 78.
↑ Wills, John E. Mountain of Fame: Portraits in Chinese History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994- p. 35
↑ "When the CCP Loses the 'Mandate of Heaven'" by Jacqueline Newmyer, Nov. 24, 2009 "China:The Party's 'Mandate of Heaven' Is Fraying" by Robert Elegant, International Herald Tribune, ngày 28 tháng 4 năm 1993 Does the Chinese Communist Party hold the Mandate of Heaven in the traditional Chinese model of history?

Ching, Frank. Ancestors: 900 Years in the Life of a Chinese Family. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1974.
Wills, John E. Mountain of Fame: Portraits in Chinese History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994
Ch 4, "Alien Rule and Dynastic Cycles", Fair bank, John King (1979). The United States and China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. tr. 80–104. ISBN 978-0674924352.

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